The Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) is a colorful bird that occurs throughout many parts of Europe. Their range extends northward as far as southern Scotland, the Baltic states, and southern Scandinavia. In these northern areas of their range, Kingfishers are summer visitors, since the species is particularly vulnerable to harsh winters. In more southerly regions throughout Europe and the British Isles, Kingfishers are year-round residents. In winter months when inland lakes and ponds freeze over, Kingfishers will often move to coastal waters and salt marshes.

Kingfishers inhabit a variety of freshwater habitats including ponds, streams, canals, wetlands, lakes. They rely on these habitats for food—their diet consists of small aquatic invertebrates, fish, and amphibians. When feeding, Kingfishers will often perch on a low branch or other vantage point above the water's surface. When they spot their prey, the Kingfisher dives into the water to capture their prey and often return to their perch to eat their prey.

Kingfishers have bright metallic turquoise wings and a vibrant streak of cobalt blue feathers running down their back. Kingfishers have a rusty orange-chestnut colored belly, bright-red legs, a white cheek patch, and a white chin. Male Kingfishers have black bills and females have black bills with a red base.

Kingfishers are shy birds so spotting them may be rather difficult. Despite their vibrant coloration, they can blend very well with their surroundings. Kingfishers are small birds with a wingspan of 24—26cm and a length of 16—17cm.

To construct a nest, Kingfishers burrow into a vertical bank or a cliff that overhangs the water. They line the tunnel leading to the nest with fish bones.

Top: Photo © Glen Huntly / iStockphoto. Bottom: Photo © Andrew Howe / iStockphoto.